2016年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语(二)  试卷

(课程代码 00015)

一、阅读判断（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）  

Being “Cool” in Middle School

　　A new study shows that gentle and quiet kids in middle school will grow up to rule. Or, at least, they’ll live healthier and more productive lives than the “cool” kids will.

　　The study looked at 13-year olds who acted old for their age by having “cool” behavior, such as early romantic relationships. They were seen as “cool” and popular kids. But as they grew up, things changed. The study found that these kids tended to have problems with drugs and relationships by their early 20s. Their behavior was no longer linked with popularity. Instead, they were thought to be less socially skilled by their peers. Besides, the average “cool” kids, by age 22, did more poorly than the average kids in the study. They had a 45 percent greater rate of problems due to drugs and alcohol. They also had a 22 percent greater rate of criminal behavior. The study also found that these kids failed to develop important life skills. They spent so much time trying to seem cool. They didn’t develop the skills needed for meaningful friendships.

　　The study followed 86 male and 98 female middle school students for a 10-year period. It has some surprising findings. In particular, the study notes that the so-called “cool” behavior is a predictor(预示)of future problems with drugs and alcohol. In fact, it is a better predictor than drug and alcohol use in middle school. However, one conclusion of the study is welcome. Researchers said that parents shouldn’t worry too much if their kids don’t seem that popular. If a kid prefers to spend Saturday nights at home watching a movie or reading instead of going out with friends, that is not a cause for concern. Many “uncool” kids, they said, do much better later on than the popular kids do. 

1） Gentle kids are less healthy when they grow up. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

2） “Cool” kids try to imitate adult behavior. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

3） Romantic relationships seem cool to some teenagers. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

4） “Uncool” kids are more likely to commit crimes. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

5） “Cool” kids have better life skills than “uncool” kids. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

6） “Uncool”kids spend most of their time studying. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

7） The study followed the students for a decade. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

8） “Cool”kids marry earlier than “uncool” kids. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

9） Parents needn’t worry if their kids are “uncool”. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

10） “Cool”kids remain popular all their lives. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

二、阅读选择（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）   

 It is estimated that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants as we know have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. There was nowhere in which a server brought you food and drink that you chose from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.

　　There were places where travelers could eat centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were bars where one could get a drink. The rich could also eat meals supplied by private cooks. But there was nothing that could be called a “restaurant”.

　　A Frenchman changed that. In 1765,he opened a place in Paris that sold soups. On his sign, he used the term “restaurants” to describe what he was selling. Soups were considered “restorative”, so he called them “restaurants”. Finally, people started buying his soups even when not ill. And as time went on, people began to use the term “restaurant” to refer to the place where soup was sold rather than the soup itself. More “restaurants” opened up in France, and people began to buy soups more regularly.

　　Then, restaurants in Paris began to serve food other than soups. In the 1780s,menus started to appear. By the 1800s, there were many types of restaurants, and the restaurant concept was spread throughout the British Empire.

　　A slow start gave way to rapid growth. Cities and towns around the world are filled with restaurants today. It is estimated that there are 1.6 million restaurants in Europe. In America, there are nearly a half million restaurants. Today, diners have millions of choices. 

1） Before 1765, travelers could have meals at a(n) ______. 

A. bar 

B. inn 

C. restaurant 

D. canteen 

2） The first “restaurant” only served ______. 

A. soups 

B. desserts 

C. drinks 

D. fruits 

3） The word “restorative”most probably means ______. 

A. having a special flavor 

B. making you happier 

C. having a pleasant smell 

D. making you healthier 

4） The restaurant concept started in ______. 

A. America 

B. Britain 

C. Germany 

D. France 

5） The best title for this text is ______. 

A. Definition of Restaurant 

B. Importance of Restaurant 

C. Origin of Restaurant 

D. Types of Restaurant 

三、概括段落大意和补全句子（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）  

How to Perfect the Art of Public Speaking

If you want to become the type of speaker you’ve always wanted to be, read the following suggestions.

① You can’t go from a nervous speaker to a speaker overnight. You shouldn’t expect to. Give yourself time to get used to a large audience. Start with smaller groups and get as much feedback as you can. Keep on practicing and developing your skills.

② Be familiar with your speech materials. That doesn’t mean memorizing your speech, which can lack enthusiasm and naturalness. Know your key talking points, supporting details and ways to move from one point to the next.

③ Positive energy can be passed. If you’re excited and enthusiastic, your audience will be, too. You’ll be surprised at the positive cycle that creates: An enthusiastic audience can add even more energy to you. Use hand gestures. When appropriate, smile, smile, smile.

④ Find friendly, interested faces in the audience and speak to them. Look into their eyes. It helps prevent you from staring off into the distance or reading from notes. It also helps make you feel like you are talking in a conversation rather than speaking to a group.

⑤ When you look great, you feel great. That makes you confident. Looking great doesn’t mean wearing new clothes. It means wearing clothes and shoes you feel comfortable and appropriate to the setting. You can’t go wrong with business suit. Simple is fine, but you should look clean from head to toe. 

1） Task 1

Paragraph ①: ______ 

A. Be enthusiastic 

B. Know your materials 

C. Make eye contact 

D. Know your audience 

E. Improve gradually 

F. Dress appropriately 

2） Paragraph ②: ______ 

A. Be enthusiastic 

B. Know your materials 

C. Make eye contact 

D. Know your audience 

E. Improve gradually 

F. Dress appropriately 

3） Paragraph ③: ______ 

A. Be enthusiastic 

B. Know your materials 

C. Make eye contact 

D. Know your audience 

E. Improve gradually 

F. Dress appropriately 

4） Paragraph ④: ______ 

A. Be enthusiastic 

B. Know your materials 

C. Make eye contact 

D. Know your audience 

E. Improve gradually 

F. Dress appropriately 

5） Paragraph ⑤: ______ 

A. Be enthusiastic 

B. Know your materials 

C. Make eye contact 

D. Know your audience 

E. Improve gradually 

F. Dress appropriately 

6） Task 2

Feedback helps speakers______. 

A. lack of enthusiasm 

B. make you look great 

C. a positive atmosphere 

D. improve their speaking skills 

E. stop you from reading your notes 

F. become a good listener 

7） Memorizing materials may lead to______. 

A. lack of enthusiasm 

B. make you look great 

C. a positive atmosphere 

D. improve their speaking skills 

E. stop you from reading your notes 

F. become a good listener 

8） Hand gestures and smiles help create______. 

A. lack of enthusiasm 

B. make you look great 

C. a positive atmosphere 

D. improve their speaking skills 

E. stop you from reading your notes 

F. become a good listener 

9） Looking into the eyes of the audience helps______. 

A. lack of enthusiasm 

B. make you look great 

C. a positive atmosphere 

D. improve their speaking skills 

E. stop you from reading your notes 

F. become a good listener 

10） Wearing right clothes may______. 

A. lack of enthusiasm 

B. make you look great 

C. a positive atmosphere 

D. improve their speaking skills 

E. stop you from reading your notes 

F. become a good listener 

四、填句补文（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）   

Remaining Active

　　Our body is an amazing object._1_If you are inactive most of the time, your body will quickly become tired when it should be active. But if you are very active, your body will get used to the hard work, and the work will become easier for you to do.

　　Physical activity can help people remain active and stay healthy. _2_ It also helps people sleep better. This is why active students don’t complain about being tired. They have a good night’s sleep and have the energy to study hard and have fun every day.

　　Physical activity also makes people look and feel good. Activity burns more calories(卡路里)than just sitting._3_. In addition, regular exercise can make your muscles and bones stronger.

　　There are many factors to look at when you select a new physical activity. The most important is to choose something you enjoy. If you like jumping rope, that is the activity you should do. _4_. In fact, two days of basketball, three days of swimming, and two days of bicycling can be more fun than jogging every day.

　　_5_. Some skills will improve with practice while others may always be difficult for you. If you enjoy an activity, feel free to do it. No one cares whether you can do it well or not, and you don’t need to care about it either.

　　Whatever activity you choose, remain active. It can make you physically fit and healthy for life. 

1） ______ 

A. But you don’t have to do the same thing every day. 

B. Different activies need different skills. 

C. You may prefer to participate in team activities. 

D. It helps the body fight off illness. 

E. The more you ask of it, the more it can do. 

F. It is very important to keep a healthy weight. 

2） ______ 

A. But you don’t have to do the same thing every day. 

B. Different activies need different skills. 

C. You may prefer to participate in team activities. 

D. It helps the body fight off illness. 

E. The more you ask of it, the more it can do. 

F. It is very important to keep a healthy weight. 

3） ______ 

A. But you don’t have to do the same thing every day. 

B. Different activies need different skills. 

C. You may prefer to participate in team activities. 

D. It helps the body fight off illness. 

E. The more you ask of it, the more it can do. 

F. It is very important to keep a healthy weight. 

4） ______ 

A. But you don’t have to do the same thing every day. 

B. Different activies need different skills. 

C. You may prefer to participate in team activities. 

D. It helps the body fight off illness. 

E. The more you ask of it, the more it can do. 

F. It is very important to keep a healthy weight. 

5） ______ 

A. But you don’t have to do the same thing every day. 

B. Different activies need different skills. 

C. You may prefer to participate in team activities. 

D. It helps the body fight off illness. 

E. The more you ask of it, the more it can do. 

F. It is very important to keep a healthy weight. 

五、填词补文（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）   

Positive Attitude towards Failure

　　I clearly remember a period during which I felt like a failure. But what I _1_ learned was that failing at one thing is not failing at all things. And, in fact, failure is a _2_ part of growth. Life is filled with trial and _3_. In order to walk the path to _4_ ,you need to make some _5_ turns along the way. What I learned was to “fail forward”, to _6_ each mistake to make myself better. One of the _7_ problems people have with failure is that they are too quick to judge isolated _8_ in their lives and label them as failures. _9_ ,they need to keep the bigger picture in mind. A successful baseball player doesn’t _10_ at a mistake he makes and think of failure. He sees it within the context of the bigger picture. 

1） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

2） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

3） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

4） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

5） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

6） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

7） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

8） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

9） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

10） ______ 

A. error 

B. use 

C. eventually 

D. graceful 

E. necessary 

F. situations 

G. Firstly 

H. wrong 

I. Instead 

J. success 

K. greatest 

L. look 

六、完形补文（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）   

Self-reliance（自立）

　　Everyone has heard(hear)the word “self-reliance”. Emerson wrote a _1_ (fame)essay about it. He felt that people should trust in their own _2_ (able). They should think and act for themselves. Like many such _3_ (term),this one had no real meaning for me until it was _4_ (demonstrate)to me in real life.

　　Last year I met a blind girl _5_ (name)Gail. She was _6_ (extreme)slender and weak, but she always insisted on _7_ (find) her way around the school by herself. When she _8_ (sit)in a room with several of us, there was sometimes a(n) _9_ (easy)silence, because we thought she might resent our acting too cheerful and thoughtless in her _10_ (present). On such occasions, she would say something casual or show us how fast she could write. She never asked for anyone’s pity. She truly relied on herself. 

1） ______ 

2） ______ 

3） ______ 

4） ______ 

5） ______ 

6） ______ 

7） ______ 

8） ______ 

9） ______ 

10） ______ 

七、短文写作（本大题共1小题，共30分）   

 请根据所提供材料的要求完成一篇100词左右的英文写作任务。

　　某英文报社正在举办题为“Watching Movies at Home or in a Cinema?”的征文活动。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征，内容包括：

　　1.你喜欢在家还是在电影院看电影

　　2.理由是什么 

一、阅读判断   

1） Gentle kids are less healthy when they grow up. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 B 

【答案解析】 根据文章：A new study shows that gentle and quiet kids in middle school will grow up to rule. Or, at least, they’ll live healthier and more productive lives than the “cool” kids will.可以得出答案。 

2） “Cool” kids try to imitate adult behavior. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 B 

【答案解析】 根据文章：The study looked at 13-year olds who acted old for their age by having “cool” behavior.可以得出答案。 

3） Romantic relationships seem cool to some teenagers. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 A 

【答案解析】 根据文章：The study looked at 13-year olds who acted old for their age by having “cool” behavior, such as early romantic relationships.可以得出答案。 

4） “Uncool” kids are more likely to commit crimes. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 B 

【答案解析】 根据文章：Many “uncool” kids, they said, do much better later on than the popular kids do.可以得出答案。 

5） “Cool” kids have better life skills than “uncool” kids. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 B 

【答案解析】 根据文章：The study also found that these kids failed to develop important life skills.可以得出答案。 

6） “Uncool”kids spend most of their time studying. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 C 

【答案解析】 文中并没有提到“Uncool” kids是在家学习。 

7） The study followed the students for a decade. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 A 

【答案解析】 根据文章：The study followed 86 male and 98 female middle school students for a 10-year period.可以得出答案。 

8） “Cool”kids marry earlier than “uncool” kids. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 C 

【答案解析】 文章并没有提到这点。 

9） Parents needn’t worry if their kids are “uncool”. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 A 

【答案解析】 根据文章：Researchers said that parents shouldn’t worry too much if their kids don’t seem that popular.可以得出答案。 

10） “Cool”kids remain popular all their lives. 

A. True 

B. False 

C. Not Given 

【正确答案】 B 

【答案解析】 根据文章第二段可以得出答案。 

二、阅读选择   

1） Before 1765, travelers could have meals at a(n) ______. 

A. bar 

B. inn 

C. restaurant 

D. canteen 

【正确答案】 B 

【答案解析】 根据文章：The countryside was full of inns that would serve food.可以得出答案。 

2） The first “restaurant” only served ______. 

A. soups 

B. desserts 

C. drinks 

D. fruits 

【正确答案】 A 

【答案解析】 根据文章：On his sign, he used the term “restaurants” to describe what he was selling. Soups were considered “restorative”,so he called them “restaurants”.可以得出答案。 

3） The word “restorative”most probably means ______. 

A. having a special flavor 

B. making you happier 

C. having a pleasant smell 

D. making you healthier 

【正确答案】 D 

【答案解析】 restorative意思为：恢复药，滋补剂。故而答案为D。 

4） The restaurant concept started in ______. 

A. America 

B. Britain 

C. Germany 

D. France 

【正确答案】 D 

【答案解析】 根据文章：More “restaurants” opened up in France, and people began to buy soups more regularly.可以得出答案。 

5） The best title for this text is ______. 

A. Definition of Restaurant 

B. Importance of Restaurant 

C. Origin of Restaurant 

D. Types of Restaurant 

【正确答案】 C 

【答案解析】 根据全文意思可以得知答案。